ChatGPT 本地部署及搭建

第一步，本地安装 Python

这一步暂略，可以自行下载安装 Python 环境。

Python 下载地址：Download Python | Python.org

注意：安装 >9 以上版本，建议安装 10。

第二步，下载项目程序包

地址见上面的项目地址，直接下载下来并解压。我这里解压到 E:\chatGPT\ 下。

第三步，下载模型包 chatglm

下载地址：https://huggingface.co/THUDM/chatglm-6b/tree/main

官网介绍：

ChatGLM-6B 是一个开源的、支持中英双语问答的对话语言模型，基于 General Language Model (GLM) 架构，具有 62 亿参数。结合模型量化技术，用户可以在消费级的显卡上进行本地部署（INT4 量化级别下最低只需 6GB 显存）。ChatGLM-6B 使用了和 ChatGLM 相同的技术，针对中文问答和对话进行了优化。经过约 1T 标识符的中英双语训练，辅以监督微调、反馈自助、人类反馈强化学习等技术的加持，62 亿参数的 ChatGLM-6B 已经能生成相当符合人类偏好的回答。

注意：下载后放到第二步程序包下，自行创建目录 chatglm-6b，如下：

第四步，下载依赖包

Window + R 快捷键打开运行窗口，输入 cmd 打开控制台命令行，进入到程序目录下。

分别执行如下两条命令：

pip install -r requirements.txt

pip install gradio

注意：如果执行有报错，请查阅文章末尾的错误处理。

等待依赖包下载成功，结果如下：

第五步，运行网页版 demo

执行如下命令，运行网页版本的 demo，如下：

python web_demo.py

程序会运行一个 Web Server，并输出地址。在浏览器中打开输出的地址即可使用。最新版 Demo 实现了打字机效果，速度体验大大提升。注意，由于国内 Gradio 的网络访问较为缓慢，启用 demo.queue().launch(share=True, inbrowser=True) 时所有网络会经过 Gradio 服务器转发，导致打字机体验大幅下降，现在默认启动方式已经改为 share=False，如有需要公网访问的需求，可以重新修改为 share=True 启动。

执行结果如下：

注意：如果执行提示信息和上图对不上，请查阅文章末尾的错误处理。

第七步，测试网页版程序

浏览器打开地址 并访问，输入问题，可以看到 ChatGLM 会给予回复。

第八步，运行命令行 Demo

执行如下命令，运行命令行版本的 demo，如下：

python cli_demo.py

程序会在命令行中进行交互式的对话，在命令行中输入指示并回车即可生成回复，输入 clear 可以清空对话历史，输入 stop 终止程序。

错误一：下载依赖包超时

E:\chatGPT\ChatGLM-6B-main>pip install -r requirements.txt
Collecting protobuf<3.20.1,>=3.19.5
  Downloading protobuf-3.20.0-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl (903 kB)
     ---------------------------------------- 903.8/903.8 kB 4.0 kB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting transformers==4.27.1
  Downloading transformers-4.27.1-py3-none-any.whl (6.7 MB)
     ----------- ---------------------------- 2.0/6.7 MB 5.4 kB/s eta 0:14:29
ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 561, in read
    data = self._fp_read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 527, in _fp_read
    return self._fp.read(amt) if amt is not None else self._fp.read()
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 90, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\http\client.py", line 465, in read
    s = self.fp.read(amt)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\socket.py", line 705, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\ssl.py", line 1274, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\ssl.py", line 1130, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out
 
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 160, in exc_logging_wrapper
    status = run_func(*args)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\req_command.py", line 247, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 419, in run
    requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\resolver.py", line 92, in resolve
    result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 481, in resolve
    state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 348, in resolve
    self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria
    if not criterion.candidates:
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\structs.py", line 151, in __bool__
    return bool(self._sequence)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 155, in __bool__
    return any(self)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 143, in <genexpr>
    return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 47, in _iter_built
    candidate = func()
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\factory.py", line 206, in _make_candidate_from_link
    self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 297, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 162, in __init__
    self.dist = self._prepare()
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 231, in _prepare
    dist = self._prepare_distribution()
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 308, in _prepare_distribution
    return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 491, in prepare_linked_requirement
    return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 536, in _prepare_linked_requirement
    local_file = unpack_url(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 166, in unpack_url
    file = get_http_url(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 107, in get_http_url
    from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\download.py", line 147, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\progress_bars.py", line 53, in _rich_progress_bar
    for chunk in iterable:
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks
    for chunk in response.raw.stream(
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 622, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 560, in read
    with self._error_catcher():
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)
  File "D:\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
 
E:\chatGPT\ChatGLM-6B-main>

可以看到错误信息提示超时，应该是网络问题，可以尝试在命令中加上超时时间设置的参数，命令修改后如下：

pip --default-timeout=1688 install -r requirements.txt

问题二：又一次实时下载模型包

当运行程序时，如果提示信息中看到又一次下载模型包，而没有使用第三步提前准备的模型包时，需要把模型包复制到程序运行时的缓存目录中，缓存路径可能如下：

C:\Users\用户目录\.cache\huggingface\hub\models–THUDM–chatglm-6b\snapshots\fb23542cfe773f89b72a6ff58c3a57895b664a23

模型包拷贝到该目录后再次运行程序即可。